LT5581 Datasheet by Analog Devices Inc.

LTLII‘IEAQ LT5581 TECHNOLOGY L7 LJUW 1
LT5581
1
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
TYPICAL APPLICATION
DESCRIPTION
6GHz RMS Power Detector
with 40dB Dynamic Range
The LT
®
5581 is a 10MHz to 6GHz, low power monolithic
precision RMS power detector. The RMS detector uses a
proprietary technique to accurately measure the RF power
from –34dBm to +6dBm (at 2.14GHz) of modulated signals
with a crest factor as high as 12dB. It outputs a DC voltage
in linear scale proportional to an RF input signal power
in dBm. The LT5581 is suitable for precision power mea-
surement and control for a wide variety of RF standards,
including GSM/EDGE, CDMA, CDMA2000, W-CDMA,
TD-SCDMA, UMTS, LTE and WiMAX, etc. The final DC out-
put is connected in series with an on-chip 300Ω resistor,
which enables further filtering of the output modulation
ripple with just a single off-chip capacitor.
10MHz to 6GHz Infrastructure Power
Amplifier Level Control
FEATURES
APPLICATIONS
n Frequency Range: 10MHz to 6GHz
n Accurate Power Measurement of High Crest Factor
(Up to 12dB) Waveforms
n 40dB Log Linear Dynamic Range
n Exceptional Accuracy Over Temperature
n Fast Response Time: 1μs Rise, 8μs Fall
n Low Power: 1.4mA at 3.3V
n Log-Linear DC Output vs Input RF Power in dBm
n Small 3mm × 2mm 8-Pin DFN Package
n Single-Ended RF Input
n GSM/EDGE, CMDA, CDMA2000, W-CDMA, LTE,
WiMAX RF Power Control
n Pico-Cells, Femto-Cells RF Power Control
n Wireless Repeaters
n CATV/DVB Transmitters
n MIMO Wireless Access Points
n Portable RMS Power Measurement Instrumentation
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
2140MHz Modulated Waveforms
9
8
7
6
5
1
2
3
4
VCC
EN
VOUT
GND
CSQ
RFIN
GNDGND
GND
DIGITAL
POWER
CONTROL
POWER
AMP
DIRECTIONAL
COUPLER
0.01µF
1000pF
0.1µF
VCC
2.7VDC TO 5.25VDC
RFIN RFOUT
CMATCH
LMATCH
68Ω
50Ω
CFILT
0.01µF
5581 TA01a
LT5581
ADC
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 TA01b
TA = 25°C
CW
WCDMA, UL
WCDMA DL 1C
WCDMA DL 4C
LTE DL 1C
LTE DL 4C
L, LT, LT C , LT M, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear
Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Protected by U.S. Patents, including 7342431.
LT558 1 7 \ DDB PACKAGE MEAD (3mm x 2mm) PLAS'HC DFN
LT5581
2
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C, VCC = 3.3V, EN = 3.3V, unless otherwise noted (Note 2). Test circuit is shown in Figure 1.
PIN CONFIGURATIONABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage .........................................................5.5V
Maximum Input Signal Power—Average .............15dBm
Maximum Input Signal Power—Peak (Note 7) ....25dBm
DC Voltage at RFIN ....................................... –0.3V to 2V
VOUT Voltage ....................................–0.3V to VCC + 0.3V
Maximum Junction Temperature, TJMAX ............... 150°C
Operating Temperature Range .................–40°C to 85°C
Storage Temperature Range .................. –65°C to 150°C
CAUTION: This part is sensitive to electrostatic discharge. It
is very important that proper ESD precautions be observed
when handling the LT5581.
(Note 1)
TOP VIEW
9
DDB PACKAGE
8-LEAD (3mm × 2mm) PLASTIC DFN
5
6
7
8
4
3
2
1VCC
EN
VOUT
GND
CSQ
RFIN
GND
GND
TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 76°C/W
EXPOSED PAD (PIN 9) IS GND, MUST BE SOLDERED TO PCB
ORDER INFORMATION
LEAD FREE FINISH TAPE AND REEL PART MARKING PACKAGE DESCRIPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE
LT5581IDDB#PBF LT5581IDDB#TRPBF LDKM 8-Lead (3mm × 2mm) Plastic DFN –40°C to 85°C
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on non-standard lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
AC Input
Input Frequency Range (Note 4) 10-6000 MHz
Input Impedance 205||1.6 Ω||pF
fRF = 450MHz
RF Input Power Range Externally Matched to 50Ω Source –34 to 6 dBm
Linear Dynamic Range, CW (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error 40 dB
Linear Dynamic Range, CDMA (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error; CDMA 4-Carrier 40 dB
Output Slope 31 mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept (Note 5) –42 dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25˚C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –34 to +6dBm
±1 dB
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –27 to –10dBm
±0.5 dB
Deviation from CW Response;
PIN = –34dBm to 0dBm
TETRA π/4 DQPSK
CDMA 4-Carrier 64-Channel Fwd 1.23Mcps
±0.1
±0.5
dB
dB
LT558 1 L7 LJUW 3
LT5581
3
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C, VCC = 3.3V, EN = 3.3V, unless otherwise noted (Note 2). Test circuit is shown in Figure 1.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
2nd Order Harmonic Distortion At RF Input; CW Input; PIN = 0dBm –57 dBc
3rd Order Harmonic Distortion At RF Input; CW Input; PIN = 0dBm –52 dBc
fRF = 880MHz
RF Input Power Range Externally Matched to 50Ω Source –34 to 6 dBm
Linear Dynamic Range, CW (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error 40 dB
Linear Dynamic Range, EDGE (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error; EDGE 3π/8-Shifted 8PSK 40 dB
Output Slope 31 mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept (Note 5) –42 dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –34 to +6dBm
±1 dB
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –27 to –10dBm
±0.5 dB
Deviation from CW Response, Pin = –34 to +6dBm EDGE 3π/8 Shifted 8PSK ±0.1 dB
fRF = 2140MHz
RF Input Power Range Externally Matched to 50Ω Source –34 to 6 dBm
Linear Dynamic Range, CW (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error 43 dB
Linear Dynamic Range, WCDMA (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error; 4-Carrier WCDMA 37 dB
Output Slope 31 mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept (Note 5) –42 dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –34 to 6dBm
±1 dB
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –27 to –10dBm
±0.5 dB
Maximum Deviation from CW Response
PIN = –34 to –4dBm
WCDMA 1-Carrier Uplink
WCDMA 64-Channel 4-Carrier Downlink
±0.1
±0.5
dB
dB
fRF = 2600MHz
RF Input Power Range Externally Matched to 50Ω Source –34 to 6 dBm
Linear Dynamic Range, CW (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error 40 dB
Output Slope 31 mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept (Note 5) –42 dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –34 to +6dBm
±1 dB
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –27 to –10dBm
±0.5 dB
Maximum Deviation from CW Response
PIN = –34 to 2dBm
WiMAX OFDMA Preamble
WiMAX OFDM Burst
±0.1
±0.5
dB
dB
fRF = 3500MHz
RF Input Power Range Externally Matched to 50Ω Source –30 to 6 dBm
Linear Dynamic Range, CW (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error 36 dB
Output Slope 31 mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept (Note 5) –41 dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –30 to +6dBm
±1 dB
LT558 1 4 L7LJ1W
LT5581
4
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C, VCC = 3.3V, EN = 3.3V, unless otherwise noted (Note 2). Test circuit is shown in Figure 1.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –27 to –10dBm
±0.5 dB
Deviation from CW Response
PIN = –34 to –4dBm
WiMAX OFDMA Preamble
WiMAX OFDM Burst
±0.1
±0.5
dB
dB
fRF = 5800MHz
RF Input Power Range Externally Matched to 50Ω Source –25 to 6 dBm
Linear Dynamic Range, CW (Note 3) ±1dB Linearity Error 31 dB
Output Slope 31 mV/dB
Logarithmic Intercept (Note 5) –33 dBm
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –25 to +6dBm
±1 dB
Output Variation vs Temperature Normalized to Output at 25°C, –40°C < TA < 85°C;
PIN = –20 to +6dBm
±0.5 dB
Deviation from CW Response WiMAX OFDM Burst; PIN = –25 to 6dBm ±0.2 dB
Output
Output DC Voltage No Signal Applied to RF Input 180 mV
Output Impedance Internal Series Resistor Allows for Off-Chip Filter Cap 300 Ω
Output Current Sourcing/Sinking 5/5 mA
Rise Time 0.2V to 1.6V, 10% to 90%, fRF = 2140MHz 1 µs
Fall Time 1.6V to 0.2V, 10% to 90%, fRF = 2140MHz 8 µs
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (Note 6) For Over Operating Input Power Range 49 dB
Integrated Output Voltage Noise 1kHz to 6.5kHz Integration BW, PIN = 0dBm CW 150 µVRMS
Enable (EN) Low = Off, High = On
EN Input High Voltage (On) l2 V
EN Input Low Voltage (Off) l0.3 V
Enable Pin Input Current EN = 3.3V 20 µA
Turn-On Time; CW RF input VOUT Within 10% of Final Value; PIN = 0dBm 1 µs
Settling Time; RF Pulse VOUT Within 10% of Final Value; PIN = 0dBm 1 µs
Power Supply
Supply Voltage l2.7 3.3 5.25 V
Supply Current No RF Input Signal 1.4 mA
Shutdown Current EN = 0.3V, VCC = 3.3V 0.2 6 µA
Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2: The LT5581 is guaranteed functional over the operating
temperature range from –40°C to 85°C.
Note 3: The linearity error is calculated by the difference between the
incremental slope of the output and the average output slope from
–20dBm to 0dBm. The dynamic range is defined as the range over which
the linearity error is within ±1dB.
Note 4: An external capacitor at the CSQ pin should be used for input
frequencies below 250MHz. Lower frequency operation results in
excessive RF ripple in the output voltage.
Note 5: Logarithmic intercept is an extrapolated input power level from the
best fitted log-linear straight line, where the output voltage is 0V.
Note 6: PSRR is determined as the dB value of the change in VOUT voltage
over the change in VCC supply voltage.
Note 7: Not production tested. Guaranteed by design and correlation to
production tested parameters.
LT558 1 L7 LJUW 5
LT5581
5
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
Performance characteristics taken at VCC = 3.3V,
EN = 3.3V and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. (Test circuit shown in Figure 1)
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
at 450MHz
Linearity Error Temperature
Variation from 25°C at 450MHz
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
450MHz Modulated Waveforms
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
at 880MHz
Linearity Error Temperature
Variation from 25°C at 880MHz
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
880MHz Modulated Waveforms
Output Voltage vs Frequency Output Voltage vs Frequency Linearity Error vs Frequency
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G01
10MHz
450MHz
880MHz
2.14GHz
2.6GHz
3.5GHz
5.8GHz
TA = 25°C
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G02
880MHz
2.14GHz
2.6GHz
3.5GHz
TA = 25°C
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G03
10MHz
450MHz
880MHz
2.14GHz
2.6GHz
3.5GHz
5.8GHz
TA = 25°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G04
25°C
85°C
–40°C
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
1
2
0
–1
–2
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VARIATION (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G05
–40°C
85°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR(dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G06
TA = 25°C
CW
TETRA
CDMA 4C
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G07
25°C
85°C
–40°C 2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VARIATION (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G08
–40°C
85°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR(dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G09
TA = 25°C
CW
EDGE
LT558 1 p.-/ / \ r"" if K u= \ \navc -\ / \ ”\jillv K ,— L7HUW
LT5581
6
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
at 2600MHz
Linearity Error Temperature
Variation from 25°C at 2600MHz
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
2.6GHz Modulated Waveforms
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
at 3500MHz
Linearity Error Temperature
Variation from 25°C at 3500MHz
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
3.5GHz Modulated Waveforms
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
at 2140MHz
Linearity Error Temperature
Variation from 25°C at 2140MHz
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
2140MHz Modulated Waveforms
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G10
25°C
85°C
–40°C 2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VARIATION (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G11
–40°C
85°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G12
TA = 25°C
CW
WCDMA, UL
WCDMA DL 1C
WCDMA DL 4C
LTE DL 1C
LTE DL 4C
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 0
–15 –5 5 10
5581 G13
25°C
85°C
–40°C 2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VARIATION (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G14
–40°C
85°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G15
TA = 25°C
CW
WiMax OFDM PREAMBLE
WiMax OFDM BURST
WiMax OFDMA PREAMBLE
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
0.8
1.8
2.0
0–30 –20 –10 10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 0
–15 –5 5
5581 G16
25°C
85°C
–40°C 2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VARIATION (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G17
–40°C
85°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G18
TA = 25°C
CW
WiMax OFDMA PREAMBLE
WiMax OFDM BURST
LT558 1 L7 LJUW A 5'07 ‘ \ ”\VT: ‘ r"; / ~1pr “' :1,.——~ // ”# flflifl H 13,.”~
LT5581
7
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Slope vs Frequency Slope Distribution vs Temperature Supply Current vs Supply Voltage
Logarithmic Intercept
vs Frequency
Logarithmic Intercept Distribution
vs Temperature
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
at 5800MHz
Linearity Error Temperature
Variation from 25°C at 5800MHz
Linearity Error vs RF Input Power,
5.8GHz Modulated Waveforms
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
0.8
1.8
2.0
0–30 –20 –10 10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 0
–15 –5 5
5581 G19
25°C
85°C
–40°C 2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VARIATION (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G20
–40°C
85°C
2
1
0
–2
–1
–3
3
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
–30 –20 –10
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G21
TA = 25°C
CW
WiMax OFDM BURST
FREQUENCY (GHz)
0
26
SLOPE (mV/dB)
30
1 2 43 5
34
28
32
6
5581 G22
TA = 25°C
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
2.6
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
1.6
1.8
1.4
1.2
3.4 4.2
33.8 4.6 5 5.4
1.0
0.8
2.0
5581 G24
–40°C
85°C
25°C
FREQUENCY (GHz)
0
–50
LOGARITHMIC INTERCEPT (dBm)
–40
1 2 43 5
–30
–45
–35
6
5581 G25
TA = 25°C
SLOPE (mV/dB)
28
DISTRIBUTION (%)
30
40
50
20
10
029 30 31 32 33 34
5581 G23
TA = 85°C
TA = 25°C
TA = –40°C
LOGARITHMIC INTERCEPT (dBm)
–48
DISTRIBUTION (%)
30
40
50
20
10
0–47 –46 –45 –44 –43 –41–42
5581 G26
TA = 85°C
TA = 25°C
TA = –40°C
LT558 1 w W PW =4DdBm ‘ = 72m w P =IDdBm FWD m w P‘ Em P‘ Vauaam L7 LINE/“2 v toerch
LT5581
8
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Output Transient Response
Output Transient Response with
CW RF and EN Pulse
Output Voltage and Linearity Error
vs VCC at 2140MHz
Return Loss vs Frequency
Reference in Figure 1 Test Circuit
Output Transient Response with
RF and EN Pulse
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–40
VOUT (V)
LINEARITY ERROR (dB)
0.8
1.8
2.0
–30 –20 –10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
–0.5
2.0
2.5
–1.5
1.0
–1.0
1.5
–2.0
–2.5
0.5
0
–35 –25 010
–15 –5 5
5581 G28
3.3V
5V
TA = 25°C
FREQUENCY (GHz)
0
–30
RETURN LOSS (dB)
–25
–20
–15
–10
0
12 3 4
5581 G29
5 6
–5
L1, C1 = 2.2nH, 1.5pF
L1, C1 = 1nH, 1.5pF
L1, C1 = 0nH, 1pF
L1, C1 = 0nH, 0.5pF
L1, C1 = 0nH, 0pF
TA = 25°C
TIME (ms)
0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
RF PULSE ENABLE (V)
1.5
2.0
2.5
0.7
1.0
0.5
0.2 0.4
0.1 0.9
0.3 0.5 0.8
0.6 1
0
–0.5
3.0
–5
0
5
–10
–15
–20
–25
10
5581 G30
RF & EN PULSE ON
RF & EN
PULSE
OFF
RF & EN
PULSE
OFF
PIN = 10dBm
PIN = 0dBm
PIN = –10dBm
PIN = –20dBm
PIN = –30dBm
TA = 25°C, VCC = 5V
TIME (µs)
0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
RF PULSE ENABLE (V)
1.5
2.0
2.5
70
1.0
0.5
20 40
10 90
30 50 80
60 100
0
3.0
–5
0
5
–10
–15
–20
10
5581 G31
RF PULSE ON
RF
PULSE
OFF
RF
PULSE
OFF
PIN = 10dBm
PIN = 0dBm
PIN = –10dBm
PIN = –20dBm
PIN = –30dBm
TA = 25°C, VCC = 5V
TIME (ms)
0
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
ENABLE (V)
1.5
2.0
2.5
0.7
1.0
0.5
0.2 0.4
0.1 0.9
0.3 0.5 0.8
0.6 1
0
–0.5
3.0
–2
0
2
–4
–6
–8
–10
4
5581 G32
EN PULSE ON
EN
PULSE
OFF
EN
PULSE
OFF
PIN = 10dBm
PIN = 0dBm
PIN = –10dBm
PIN = –20dBm
PIN = –30dBm
TA = 25°C
Supply Current vs RF Input Power
RF INPUT POWER (dBm)
–25
0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
4
8
12
–20 –15 –10 –5 50 10
16
2
6
10
14
15
5581 G27
TA = 25°C
LT558 1 E [1 E I w '1 TH Fara my L7 LJUW 9
LT5581
9
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
PIN FUNCTIONS
VCC (Pin 1): Power Supply, 2.7V to 5.25V. VCC
should be bypassed with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor.
EN (Pin 2): Chip Enable. A logic low or no-connect on the
enable pin shuts down the part. A logic high enables the
part. An internal 500k pull-down resistor ensures the part
is off when the enable driver is in a three-state condition.
VOUT (Pin 3): Detector Output.
GND (Pins 4, 5, 6): Ground.
RFIN (Pin 7): RF Input. Should be DC-blocked with coupling
capacitor; 1000pF recommended. This pin has an internal
200Ω termination.
CSQ (Pin 8): Optional Low Frequency Range Extension
Capacitor. This pin is for frequencies below 250MHz. Use
0.01µF from pin to ground for 10MHz operation.
Exposed Pad (Pin 9): Ground. The Exposed Pad must
be soldered to the PCB. For high frequency operation,
the backside ground connection should have a low
inductance connection to the PCB ground, using many
through-hole vias. See the layout information in the
Applications Information section.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
LT5581
7
EXPOSED
PAD
OUTPUT
BUFFER
9
VOUT
RFIN
5581 BD
EN VCC
3
2
CSQ
8 1 4 5 6
150kHz LPF 300Ω
GND
RMS
DETECTOR
BIAS
LT558 1 || || C6 000 || __ II as C3? .1.” — — I ' T I _ _ ' + 17: ;: ‘IO
LT5581
10
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
TEST CIRCUIT
Figure 1. Evaluation Circuit Schematic
REF DES VALUE SIZE PART NUMBER
C6 100pF 0603 AVX 06033A101KAT2A
C7 0.1µF 0603 AVX 06033C104KAT2A
C3 0.01µF 0603 AVX 06033C103KAT2A
C2 1000pF 0603 AVX 06033C102KAT2A
R2 68Ω 0603
FREQUENCY
RANGE
RFIN MATCH
L1 C1
1GHz to 2.2GHz 2.2nH 1.5pF
2GHz to 2.6GHz 1.2nH 1.5pF
2.6GHz to 3.4GHz 0 1pF
3.8GHz to 5.5GHz 0 0.5pF
4.6GHz to 6GHz 0 0
9
8
7
6
5
1
2
3
4
VCC
EN
EN
NC NC
NC
VOUT
GND
CSQ
RFIN
GNDGND
GND
L1
2.2nH
C3
0.01µF
PINS 4, 5, 6: OPTIONAL GROUND
C2
1000pF
VCC
R2
68Ω
R3
0Ω
C4
OPT
5581 F01
LT5581
C5
OPT
RF
GND
DC
GND
EE = 4.4
0.018"
0.018"
0.062"
VOUT
RFIN
C7
0.1µF
C6
100pF
C1
1.5pF
' cm LT5581IDDB :.nrmnmmr.: . . .HW.”W. . .. L7 HEW LT558 1 ‘I‘I
LT5581
11
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
OPERATION
To achieve an accurate average power measurement of
the high crest factor modulated RF signals, the LT5581
combines a proprietary high speed power measurement
subsystem with an internal 150kHz low pass averaging
filter and an output voltage buffer in a completely integrated
solution with minimal off-chip components. The resulting
output voltage is directly proportional to the average RF
input power in dBm. Figure 1 shows the evaluation circuit
schematic, and Figures 2 and 3 show the associated board
artwork. For best high frequency performance, it is import-
ant to place many ground vias directly under the package.
RF Input Matching
The input resistance is about 205Ω. Input capacitance
is 1.6pF. The impedance vs frequency of the RF input is
detailed in Table 1.
Figure 2. Top Side of Evaluation Board Figure 3. Bottom Side of Evaluation Board
Table 1. RF Input Impedance
FREQUENCY
(MHz)
INPUT
IMPEDANCE
(Ω)
S11
MAG ANGLE (°)
10 203.6-j5.5 0.606 –0.8
50 199.5-j22.4 0.603 –3.4
100 191.7-j40.3 0.601 –6.4
200 171.1-j68.5 0.601 –12.3
400 121.8-j95.4 0.608 –24
500 100.2-j97.5 0.613 –29.8
800 56.8-j86.5 0.631 –46.5
900 48-j81.2 0.638 –51.8
1000 41.1-j76 0.645 –56.8
1500 22.2-j55 0.679 –79.5
2000 14.6-j41.4 0.710 –97.9
2100 13.6-j39.2 0.716 –101.2
2500 10.8-j32.1 0.737 –112.9
3000 8.6-j25 0.759 –125.7
3500 7.3-j19.4 0.774 –136.9
4000 6.6-j14.5 0.783 –147.1
5000 8.8-j9.6 0.709 –157.6
6000 6.4-j0 0.774 –179.9
5581 F035581 F02
LT558 1
LT5581
12
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
A shunt 68Ω resistor can be used to provide a broadband
impedance match at low frequencies up to 1.3GHz, and
from 4.5GHz to 6GHz. As shown in Figure 4, a nominal
broadband input match can be achieved up to 2.2GHz by
using an LC matching circuit consisting of a series 2.2nH
inductor (L1) and a shunt 1.5pF capacitor (C1). This
match will maintain a return loss of about 10dB across
the band. For matching at higher frequencies, values for
L1 and C1 are listed in the table of Figure 1. The input
reflection coefficient referenced to the RF input pin (with
no external components) is shown on the Smith Chart
in Figure 5. Alternatively, it is possible to match using
an impedance transformation network by omitting R1
and transforming the 205Ω load to 50Ω. The resulting
match, over a narrow band of frequencies, will improve
sensitivity up to about 6dB maximum; the dynamic range
remains the same. For example, by omitting R1 and
setting L1 = 1.8nH and C1 = 3pF, a 2:1 VSWR match can
be obtained from 1.95GHz to 2.36GHz, with a sensitivity
improvement of 5dB.
The RFIN input DC blocking capacitor (C2) and the CSQ
bias decoupling capacitor (C3), can be adjusted for low
frequency operation. For input frequencies down to 10MHz,
0.01µF is needed at CSQ. For frequencies above 250MHz,
the on-chip 20pF decoupling capacitor is sufficient, and CSQ
may be eliminated as desired. The DC-blocking capacitor
can be as large as 2200pF for 10MHz operation, or 100pF
for 2GHz operation. A DC-blocking capacitor larger than
2200pF results in an undesirable RF pulse response on
the falling edge. Therefore, for general applications, the
recommended value for C2, is conservatively set at 1000pF.
Output Interface
The output buffer of the LT5581 is shown in Figure 6. It
includes a push-pull stage with a series 300Ω resistor.
The output stage is capable of sourcing and sinking 5mA
of current. The output pin can be shorted to GND or VCC
without damage, but going beyond VCC + 0.5V or GND –
0.5V may result in damage, as the internal ESD protection
diodes will start to conduct excessive current.
The residual ripple, due to RF modulation, can be reduced
by adding external components RSS and CLOAD (R3 and
C4 on the Evaluation Circuit Schematic in Figure 1) to
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 4. Simplified Circuit Schematic of the RF Input Interface Figure 5. Input Reflection Coefficient
CSQ
VCC
5581 F04
205Ω
LT5581
L1
C3
0.01µF
C2
1000pF
R1
68Ω
RFIN
(MATCHED)
C1
20pF
RFIN
7
8
211 L7 LJUW LT558 1 13
LT5581
13
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
the output pin, to form an RC lowpass filter. The internal
300Ω resistor in series with the output pin enables filter-
ing of the output signal with just the addition of CLOAD.
Figure 7 shows the effect of the external filter capacitor
on the residual ripple level for a 4-carrier WCDMA signal
at 2.14GHz with –10dBm. Adding a 10nF capacitor to the
output decreases the peak-to-peak output ripple from
135mVP-P to 50mVP-P. The filter –3dB corner frequency
can be calculated with the following equation:
fC=
1
2πCLOAD(300+RSS )
Figure 8 shows the transient response for a 2.6GHz Wi-
MAX signal, with preamble and burst ripple reduced by a
factor of 3, using a 0.047µF external filter capacitor. The
average power in the preamble section is –10dBm, while
the burst section has a 3dB lower average power. With
the capacitor, the ripple in the preamble section is about
0.5dB peak-to-peak. The modulation used was OFDM
(WiMAX 802.16-2004) MMDS band, 1.5MHz BW, with
256 size FFT and 1 burst at QPSK3/4.
Figure 9 shows how the peak-to-peak ripple decreases with
increasing external filter capacitance value. Also shown is
how the RF pulse response will have longer rise and fall
times with the addition of this lowpass filter cap.
Figure 6. Simplified Circuit Schematic of the Output Interface
Figure 8. Residual Ripple for 2.6GHz WiMAX OFDM 802.16-2004
Figure 7. Residual Ripple, Output Transient Response
for RF Pulse with WCDMA 4-Carrier Modulation
Figure 9. Residual Ripple, Output Transient Times for RF Pulse
with WCDMA 4-Carrier Modulation vs External Filter Capacitor C4
300Ω RSS
VOUT
INPUT
VCC
40µA
VOUT
(FILTERED)
CLOAD
5581 F06
LT5581
3
TIME (µs)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.6
0.4
0 70
20 40
10 90
30 50 80
60 100
0.2
0
1.4
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.05
1.00
0.95
0.90
1.25
5581 F07
TA = 25°C
NO CAP
0.01µF
TIME (ms)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.8
1.0
1.2
0.6
0.4
0 1.4
0.4 0.8
0.2 1.8
0.6 1 1.6
1.2 2
0.2
0
1.4
5581 F08
TA = 25°C NO CAP
0.047µF
EXTERNAL CAPACITOR (µF)
0.001
OUTPUT RIPPLE PEAK-TO-PEAK (dB)
RISE TIME AND FALL TIME (µs)
3
5
7
2
1
0.01 0.1 1
0
9
4
6
8
100
10
1
1000
5581 F09
TA = 25°C
RIPPLE
RISE
FALL
LT558 1 R‘SE TIM MHz 14 L7LJCUEN2
LT5581
14
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
Figure 10. RF Pulse Response Rise Time
and Fall Time vs RF Input Power
Figure 10 shows that rise time and fall time are strong
functions of RF input power. Data is taken without the
output filter capacitor.
For a given RF modulation type—WCDMA, for example—
the internal 150kHz filter provides nominal filtering of the
residual ripple level. Additional external filtering occurs in
the log domain, which introduces a systematic log error
in relation to the signal’s crest factor, as shown in the
following equation in dB.1
Error|dB = 10 • log10(r + (1 – r)10–CF/10) – CF • (r-1)
Where CF is the crest factor and r is the duty cycle of the
measurement (or number of measurements made at the
peak envelope, divided by the total number of periodic
measurements in the measurement period). It is important
to note that the CF refers to the 150kHz low pass filtered
envelope of the signal. The error will depend on the sta-
tistics and bandwidth of the modulation signal in relation
to the internal 150kHz filter. For example, in the case of
WCDMA, simulations prove that it is possible to set the
external filter capacitor corner frequency at 15kHz and
only introduce an error less than 0.1dB.
Figure 11 depicts the output AM modulation ripple as a
function of modulation difference frequency for a 2-tone
input signal at 2140MHz with –10dBm input power. The
resulting deviation in the output voltage of the detector
shows the effect of the internal 150kHz filter.
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 11. Output DC Voltage Deviation and Residual
Ripple vs 2-Tone Separation Frequency
Figure 12. Output Voltage Noise Density Figure 13. Integrated Output Voltage Noise
1 Steve Murray, “Beware of Spectrum Analyzer Power Averaging Techniques,” Microwaves
& RF, Dec. 2006.
INPUT POWER (dBm)
–30
RISE TIME AND FALL TIME (µs)
6
7
8
5
4
–20 –10
–25 –15 –5 0 5
1
0
3
9
2
5581 F10
FALL TIME
RISE TIME
T
A
= 25°C
2-TONE FREQUENCY SEPARATION (MHz)
0.001
OUTPUT AC RIPPLE (dB)
DEVIATION OF OUTPUT VOLTAGE (dB)
15
20
25
10
5
0.01 0.1 110
0
30
–1.5
–1.0
–0.5
–2.0
–2.5
–3.0
0
5581 F11
TA = 25°C
FREQUENCY (kHz)
0.1
NOISE VOLTAGE (µVRMS/ Hz)
2.0
4.0
10
1.0
3.5
1.5
0.5
0
3.0
2.5
1100 1000
5581 F12
0dBm
–10dBm
–20dBm
–30dBm
NO RF INPUT
TA = 25°C
FREQUENCY (kHz)
0.1
INTEGRATED NOISE (mVRMS)
0.8
1.8
2.0
10
0.4
1.4
0.6
1.6
0.2
0
1.2
1.0
1100 1000
5581 F13
0dBm
–10dBm
–20dBm
–30dBm
NO RF INPUT
TA = 25°C
L7 LJUW LT558 1 15
LT5581
15
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
The output voltage noise density and integrated noise are
shown in Figures 12 and 13, respectively, for various input
power levels. Noise is a strong function of input level. There
is roughly a 10dB reduction in the output noise level for
an input level of 0dBm versus no input.
Enable Pin
A simplified schematic of the EN pin is shown in Figure14.
To enable the LT5581, it is necessary to put greater than
2V on this pin. To disable or turn off the chip, this voltage
should be below 0.3V. At an enable voltage of 3.3V, the
pin draws roughly 20µA. If the EN pin is not connected,
the chip is disabled through an internal 500k pull-down
resistor.
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 14. Enable Pin Simplified Schematic
EN
VCC
5581 F14
300k 300k
LT5581
500k
2
It is important that the voltage applied to the EN pin never
exceeds VCC by more than 0.5V, otherwise, the supply
current may be sourced through the upper ESD protection
diode connected at the EN pin.
LT558 1 ‘ x 1 + {:fififljfi: J i 3334; Lllfilgfljf‘e : k 4‘ 7‘ i T LAU 1U Us? \_ $ V’lfl \mfl‘ \ 1 Egg; D a F +
LT5581
16
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
2.00 ±0.10
(2 SIDES)
NOTE:
1. DRAWING CONFORMS TO VERSION (WECD-1) IN JEDEC PACKAGE OUTLINE M0-229
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
4. DIMENSIONS OF EXPOSED PAD ON BOTTOM OF PACKAGE DO NOT INCLUDE
MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH, IF PRESENT, SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15mm ON ANY SIDE
5. EXPOSED PAD SHALL BE SOLDER PLATED
6. SHADED AREA IS ONLY A REFERENCE FOR PIN 1 LOCATION ON THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF PACKAGE
0.40 ±0.10
BOTTOM VIEW—EXPOSED PAD
0.56 ±0.05
(2 SIDES)
0.75 ±0.05
R = 0.115
TYP
R = 0.05
TYP
2.15 ±0.05
(2 SIDES)
3.00 ±0.10
(2 SIDES)
14
85
PIN 1 BAR
TOP MARK
(SEE NOTE 6)
0.200 REF
0 – 0.05
(DDB8) DFN 0905 REV B
0.25 ±0.05
0.50 BSC
PIN 1
R = 0.20 OR
0.25 × 45°
CHAMFER
0.25 ±0.05
2.20 ±0.05
(2 SIDES)
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD PITCH AND DIMENSIONS
0.61 ±0.05
(2 SIDES)
1.15 ±0.05
0.70 ±0.05
2.55 ±0.05
PACKAGE
OUTLINE
0.50 BSC
DDB Package
8-Lead Plastic DFN (3mm × 2mm)
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1702 Rev B)
Please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings.
LT558 1 L7 LJUW 17
LT5581
17
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation
that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
REVISION HISTORY
REV DATE DESCRIPTION PAGE NUMBER
A 4/10 Updated Note 2 in Electrical Characteristics Section 4
B 8/15 Changed Enable Pin input voltage to 2V 15
LT558 1
LT5581
18
5581fb
For more information www.linear.com/LT5581
LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2008
LT 0815 REV B • PRINTED IN USA
Linear Technology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com/LT5581
RELATED PARTS
PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS
RF Power Detectors
LTC
®
5505 RF Power Detectors with >40dB Dynamic Range 300MHz to 3GHz, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 6V Supply
LTC5507 100kHz to 1000MHz RF Power Detector 100kHz to 1GHz, Temperature Compensated, 2.7V to 6V Supply
LTC5508 300MHz to 7GHz RF Power Detector 44dB Dynamic Range, Temperature Compensated, SC70 Package
LTC5509 300MHz to 3GHz RF Power Detector 36dB Dynamic Range, Low Power Consumption, SC70 Package
LTC5530 300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector Precision VOUT Offset Control, Shutdown, Adjustable Gain
LTC5531 300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector Precision VOUT Offset Control, Shutdown, Adjustable Offset
LTC5532 300MHz to 7GHz Precision RF Power Detector Precision VOUT Offset Control, Adjustable Gain and Offset
LT5534 50MHz to 3GHz Log RF Power Detector with
60dB Dynamic Range
±1dB Output Variation over Temperature, 38ns Response Time, Log Linear Response
LTC5536 Precision 600MHz to 7GHz RF Power Detector
with Fast Comparator Output
25ns Response Time, Comparator Reference Input, Latch Enable Input,
–26dBm to +12dBm Input Range
LT5537 Wide Dynamic Range Log RF/IF Detector Low Frequency to 1GHz, 83dB Log Linear Dynamic Range
LT5538 75dB Dynamic Range 3.8GHz Log RF Power
Detector
±0.8dB Accuracy Over Temperature
Infrastructure
LT5514 Ultralow Distortion, IF Amplifier/ADC Driver
with Digitally Controlled Gain
850MHz Bandwidth, 47dBm OIP3 at 100MHz, 10.5dB to 33dB Gain Control Range
LT5517 40MHz to 900MHz Quadrature Demodulator 21dBm IIP3, Integrated LO Quadrature Generator
LT5519 0.7GHz to 1.4GHz High Linearity Upconverting
Mixer
17.1dBm IIP3 at 1GHz, Integrated RF Output Transformer with 50Ω Matching,
Single-Ended LO and RF Ports Operation
LT5520 1.3GHz to 2.3GHz High Linearity Upconverting
Mixer
15.9dBm IIP3 at 1.9GHz, Integrated RF Output Transformer with 50Ω Matching,
Single-Ended LO and RF Ports Operation
LT5521 10MHz to 3700MHz High Linearity
Upconverting Mixer
24.2dBm IIP3 at 1.95GHz, NF = 12.5dB, 3.15V to 5.25V Supply, Single-Ended LO
Port Operation
LT5522 600MHz to 2.7GHz High Signal Level
Downconverting Mixer
4.5V to 5.25V Supply, 25dBm IIP3 at 900MHz, NF = 12.5dB, 50Ω Single-Ended RF
and LO Ports
LT5525 High Linearity, Low Power Downconverting
Mixer
Single-Ended 50Ω RF and LO Ports, 17.6dBm IIP3 at 1900MHz, ICC = 28mA
LT5526 High Linearity, Low Power Downconverting
Mixer
3V to 5.3V Supply, 16.5dBm IIP3, 100kHz to 2GHz RF, NF = 11dB, ICC = 28mA,
–65dBm LO-RF Leakage
LT5527 400MHz to 3.7GHz High Signal Level
Downconverting Mixer
IIP3 = 23.5dBm and NF = 12.5dBm at 1900MHz, 4.5V to 5.25V Supply, ICC = 78mA,
Conversion Gain = 2dB
LT5557 400MHz to 3.8GHz, 3.3V High Signal Level
Downconverting Mixer
IIP3 = 23.7dBm at 2600MHz, 23.5dBm at 3600MHz, ICC = 82mA at 3.3V
LT5560 Ultralow Power Active Mixer 10mA Supply Current, 10dBm IIP3, 10dB NF, Usable as Up- or Down-Converter.
LT5568 700MHz to 1050MHz High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
22.9dBm OIP3 at 850MHz, –160.3dBm/Hz Noise Floor, 50Ω, 0.5VDC Baseband
Interface, 3-Ch CDMA2000 ACPR = –71.4dBc at 850MHz
LT5572 1.5GHz to 2.5GHz High Linearity Direct
Quadrature Modulator
21.6dBm OIP3 at 2GHz, –158.6dBm/Hz Noise Floor, High-Ohmic 0.5VDC Baseband
Interface, 4-Ch W-CDMA ACPR = –67.7dBc at 2.14GHz
LT5575 800MHz to 2.7GHz High Linearity Direct
Conversion I/Q Demodulator
50Ω, Single-Ended RF and LO Inputs. 28dBm IIP3 at 900MHz, 13.2dBm P1dB,
0.04dB I/Q Gain Mismatch, 0.4° I/Q Phase Mismatch