Linux on ARM
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This is a page about TI's BeagleBoard and BeagleBoard xM.

Availability:

BeagleBoard Cx at Digi-Key
BeagleBoard xM at Digi-Key
CircuitCo 7inch LCD at Digi-Key

Basic Requirements

Bootloader

Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot

  • Note: Ubuntu Oneiric (11.10): "arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.1-9ubuntu3) 4.6.1" is currently broken to build this.

U-Boot Download:

Download U-Boot Tarball:

wget ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/u-boot-2012.07.tar.bz2
tar xjf u-boot-2012.07.tar.bz2
cd u-boot-2012.07/

Or via git:
Download U-Boot via git:

git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git
cd u-boot/
git checkout v2012.07 -b tmp

U-Boot Patches:

wget https://raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/Bootloader-Builder/master/patches/v2012.07/0001-enable-bootz-support-for-ti-omap-targets.patch
wget https://raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/Bootloader-Builder/master/patches/v2012.07/0001-beagle-fix-dvi-variable-set-higher-resolution.patch
wget https://raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/Bootloader-Builder/master/patches/v2012.07/0001-beagle-ulcd-passthru-support.patch
wget https://raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/Bootloader-Builder/master/patches/v2012.07/0002-beagle-add-kmsmode-for-ulcd-and-default-dtb_file.patch

patch -p1 < 0001-enable-bootz-support-for-ti-omap-targets.patch
patch -p1 < 0001-beagle-fix-dvi-variable-set-higher-resolution.patch
patch -p1 < 0001-beagle-ulcd-passthru-support.patch
patch -p1 < 0002-beagle-add-kmsmode-for-ulcd-and-default-dtb_file.patch

U-Boot Configure and Build:

make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi- omap3_beagle_config
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-gnueabi-

Linux Kernel

Linux Build Script:

git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/stable-kernel.git
cd stable-kernel/

For Mainline v3.5.x

git checkout origin/v3.5.x -b v3.5.x

Run Build Script:

./build_kernel.sh

The kernel zImage and modules will be under the deploy directory.

Debian Squeeze 6.0.5 (armel based) Root File System

Default User: debian
Password: temppwd

Root User: root
Root Password: root

wget -c http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/squeeze/debian-6.0.4-minimal-armel-2012-05-29.tar.xz

verify the image with:

md5sum debian-6.0.4-minimal-armel-2012-05-29.tar.xz
1b866cc9639ab2afc6df0e1827de09fe  debian-6.0.4-minimal-armel-2012-05-29.tar.xz

Extract Image:

tar xJf debian-6.0.4-minimal-armel-2012-05-29.tar.xz

Debian Wheezy (snapshot) (armhf based) Root File System

Default User: debian
Password: temppwd

Root User: root
Root Password: root

wget -c http://rcn-ee.net/deb/rootfs/wheezy/debian-wheezy-minimal-armhf-2012-05-29.tar.xz

verify the image with:

md5sum debian-wheezy-minimal-armhf-2012-05-29.tar.xz
afe04e3b54706b67099d54f3337cb347  debian-wheezy-minimal-armhf-2012-05-29.tar.xz

Extract Image:

tar xJf debian-wheezy-minimal-armhf-2012-05-29.tar.xz

Setup microSD card

For these instruction, we are assuming: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0, "sudo fdisk -l" is useful for determining the device id..

export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0

Erase microSD card:

sudo parted --script ${DISK} mklabel msdos

Setup Boot Partition:

sudo fdisk ${DISK} << __EOF__
n
p
1

+64M
t
e
p
w
__EOF__

Set Boot Flag

sudo parted --script ${DISK} set 1 boot on

Format as fat

DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 ${DISK}p1 -n boot
(or)
DISK=/dev/sdb
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 ${DISK}1 -n boot

Create Partition Layout:
rootfs: ext3/4, rest of microSD card.

Mount the boot/rootfs partitions

Copy Boot Files:

Copy MLO to the boot partition

sudo cp -v ./u-boot/MLO /media/boot/

Copy u-boot.img to the boot partition

sudo cp -v ./u-boot/u-boot.img /media/boot/

Create U-Boot "uEnv.txt" boot script: (nano uEnv.txt)

console=ttyO2,115200n8

#These are now set by default: uncomment/change if you need something else
#defaultdisplay=dvi
#dvimode=1280x720MR-16@60

mmcroot=/dev/mmcblk0p2 ro
mmcrootfstype=ext4 rootwait fixrtc

optargs=console=tty0

mmc_load_image=fatload mmc 0:1 0x80300000 zImage
mmc_load_initrd=fatload mmc 0:1 0x81600000 initrd.img; setenv initrd_size ${filesize}

deviceargs=setenv device_args buddy=${buddy} buddy2=${buddy2}
mmcargs=setenv bootargs console=${console} ${optargs} vram=${vram} omapfb.mode=${defaultdisplay}:${dvimode} omapdss.def_disp=${defaultdisplay} root=${mmcroot} rootfstype=${mmcrootfstype} ${device_args}

#Just: zImage
xyz_mmcboot=run mmc_load_image; echo Booting from mmc ...
loaduimage=run xyz_mmcboot; run deviceargs; run mmcargs; bootz 0x80300000

#zImage and initrd
#xyz_mmcboot=run mmc_load_image; run mmc_load_initrd; echo Booting from mmc ...
#loaduimage=run xyz_mmcboot; run deviceargs; run mmcargs; bootz 0x80300000 0x81600000:${initrd_size}

Copy uEnv.txt to the boot partition

sudo cp -v ./uEnv.txt /media/boot/

Note: This repo tree is under active development, so the Kernel version can change on a daily basis...
Copy Kernel zImage:

sudo cp -v ./stable-kernel/deploy/3.2.24-x14.zImage /media/boot/zImage

Copy Root File System:

sudo tar xfvp ./debian-*-minimal-arm*-*/armel-rootfs-*.tar -C /media/rootfs/

Copy Kernel modules:

sudo tar xfv ./stable-kernel/deploy/3.2.24-x14-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/

Tweak "/etc/fstab", the defaults should work for most boards:

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/fstab

/dev/mmcblk0p2   /           auto   errors=remount-ro   0   1
/dev/mmcblk0p1   /boot/uboot auto   defaults            0   0

Add Serial Login:

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/inittab

edit last line:

from: S:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 115200
to: T2:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyO2 115200 vt102

Remove microSD card:

sync
sudo umount /media/boot
sudo umount /media/rootfs

FAQ

No Ethernet:
  1. Check Power (aka use 5Volt DC Plug): The USB bus allows up to 100mA on initial connection and up to a max of 500mA can be requested by the end USB device. On the xM this is not enough to power the whole device and on the xM C there is an actual hardware switch to disable the smsc95xx usb hub/ethernet when powered by OTG (to prevent out of power crashes seen on the xM A/B with when users powered by OTG).
  2. Check Ethernet Cable/Plug: Is the Ethernet Cable actually plugged into the Beagle and Router?
  3. Check Modules: The smsc95xx kernel driver is usually built as an external module, double check that your kernel modules for this device are installed. 
    debian@devel:~$ find /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/ | grep smsc95xx
/lib/modules/3.2.26-x14/kernel/drivers/net/usb/smsc95xx.ko

    debian@devel:~$ lsmod | grep smsc95xx
smsc95xx               11302  0
  4. Reload smsc95xx kernel module (Checked all the above and the LAN LED's are still off) 
    sudo rmmod smsc95xx
sudo modprobe smsc95xx
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
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